If successful, the intervention could be adapted to other racial or ethnic minorities, such as Hispanic Americans. Because of less access to health care, Latinos with diabetes are often diagnosed later and have a greater risk of complications.15,16 Despite these unfavorable health and socioeconomic statistics, overall mortality is lower than would be expectedan anomaly termed the Hispanic paradox.17 Latinos live an average of 2.5 years longer than non-Latino whites (to 80 years, seven months of age) and 7.7 years longer than non-Latino blacks.1 It is not known what protective factors exist, but immigrant hardiness, social integration, and diet may have a role.1 Raising awareness about the consequences of obesity is necessary in Latino communities, especially because being somewhat overweight (gordito) can be considered healthy. 35% less heart disease and 49% less cancer; A lower death rate overall, but about a 50% higher death rate from diabetes; 24% more poorly controlled high blood pressure; 23% more obesity; 28% less colorectal screening. Modern Mexicans turn to old ways of childbirth SAMHSA will be highlighting the important role each of us has in maintaining a healthy life and ensuring a productive future. Medical practices and hospitals should strive to create an environment that is warm and welcoming to Latino patients. Herbs often have hot or cold properties; hot herbs are used to treat cold conditions, and vice versa. Hispanic Ethnicity and Breast Cancer: Disaggregating Surgical The U.S. Latino population is also quite young relative to the general U.S. population; in 2007, the median age for the former was 27.6, compared to 36.6 for the latter.2. Abdominal pain may be attributed to empacho, or food stuck in the intestine. You recommend a compromise treatment plan for her diabetes and grief. US Hispanics, currently the largest minority group in the country, face disparities in the recognition and treatment of major depression. Working With Hispanic and Latino Families - Child Welfare National Prevention Week is a SAMHSA-supported annual health observance dedicated to increasing public awareness of, and action around, substance use and mental health issues. This article provides an evidence-based review of the prevalence, presentation, and management of major depression in primary care in this heterogeneous ethnic group. Notably, studies that disaggregate Hispanics by their ancestral origin may provide greater insight into the sources of ethnic disparities. The cultural value of modestia (modesty), which is related to respect, is often neglected.27 Latinos may be conservative in this area, and physical exposure should be negotiated as the examination warrants. Again, it is imperative to stress that these values represent broad generalizations that may or may not apply to any individual patient or in any given situation. Similarly, in a national epidemiological survey of Latino households in the U.S., of those who reported awareness of a problem with at least one symptoms (overweight, binge eating, or weight control), only one fifth to one third of Latinos in this sample reported ever receiving treatment for an eating disorder (Alegria et al., 2007). Hence, the individual's good cannot be neatly separated from his or her community. A mother might use cooling herbs to treat diaper rash, a hot condition. Visit behavioral health equity resources for select SAMHSA in-language resources and quality practice and workforce development for select SAMHSA OBHE webinars and blog posts. For literate patients, it may be helpful to write things down, even if this must be done in English rather than Spanish. Addiction is a chronic, yet treatable brain condition similar to other chronic illnesses like diabetes. 15Glenn Flores, "Culture and the Patient-Physician Relationship: Achieving Cultural Competency in Health Care," Journal of Pediatrics 136 (January 2000): 14-23; see also Maria R. Warda, "Mexican Americans' Perceptions of Culturally Competent Care," Western Journal of Nursing Research 22/2 (2000): 203-224. Publicaciones de SAMHSA disponibles en espaol (Additional SAMHSA Spanish-language publications). by Marcia Carteret, M. Ed. High level of belly fat or metabolic syndrome. Our Health. A high-carbohydrate and high-calorie diet, a more sedentary lifestyle in the United States, and genetic factors may contribute. Hispanic/Latino Resources, Reports, Initiatives & More | SAMHSA Web-based resources are available to assist physicians in understanding Latino health beliefs (Table 4). Additionally, when a woman gets married, her husband's name may be appended to her father's name. Interferon gammarelease screening tests are preferable to tuberculin skin testing in immigrants who have received the bacille Calmette-Gurin vaccine. While Hispanic refers to language and those whose ancestry comes from a country where Spanish is spoken, Latino refers to geography. SAMHSA's mission is to lead public health and service delivery efforts that promote mental health, prevent substance misuse, and provide treatments and supports to foster recovery while ensuring equitable access and better outcomes. Yet Latinos are at particular risk for diabetes mellitus, tuberculosis, hypertension, HIV/AIDS, alcoholism, cirrhosis, and death from violence.4 There is also a disproportionately high prevalence of acute care in the treatment of Latinos; that is, too often patients delay medical care until their conditions worsen and necessitate immediate attention. Respondents using these herbs reported never replacing their medical regimens with herbs. Identifying behavioral health problems is very important to the plan. She asks about your family, and hesitantly, through the interpreter, you share a bit about your own children. 16"Communicating with Your Latino Patient," University of Washington Medical Center, 2007; accessed at https://depts.washington.edu/pfes/PDFs/LatinoCultureClue.pdf. hispanic methods of treatment An intention-to-treat approach using a last-observation-carried-forward method was used to analyze outcome data whereby the last available measurement for all participants was then used for all time points through the 12-month final follow-up. Latino/Hispanic cultural influences on assessing and - Parenting 3Pan American Health Organization, "For U.S. Latinos, Shared Heritage Has an Impact on Health," June 9, 2004 (www.paho.org). In fact, the number of Latino physicians dramatically lags behind Latino population growth; and, according to cross-cultural health care expert Larry Purnell, Latinos are the most underrepresented major minority group in the entire U.S. health care workforce.5 This discrepancy contributes to many different linguistic and cultural hurdles for Latino patients, as well as for their health care providers. Hispanic and Latino are often used interchangeably though they actually mean two different things. Guide to Statistics and Methods; Guidelines; Hair Disorders; Health Care Delivery Models; . Substance Use and the Hispanic/Latino Population: What to Do? To provide an updated understanding of folk and traditional medicine (FTM) among Hispanic parents in the United States, we surveyed 200 caregivers identifying their child as Hispanic in a pediatric primary care clinic about their cultural health beliefs and practices. "7 In the context of a hospital or medical clinic, where medical terminology can be complicated and communication often takes place quickly and amidst elevated emotions, this language barrier can be especially problematic. Among Hispanics who needed but did not receive treatment in the past year, 95.8% did not feel the need for it, 2.2% felt the need for treatment but did not make an effort to get it, and 2.0% felt the need for treatment and did make an effort to get it. Stigma of psychological treatment, belief that problems should be addressed at the family level (familismo), a misunderstanding or belief that treatment will not help with a child's behaviors, a . 7Hyon B. Shin and Rosalind Bruno, "Language Use and English-Speaking Ability: 2000," Census 2000 Brief, U.S. Census Bureau, October 2003, accessed at: www.census.gov/prod/2003pubs/c2kbr-29.pdf. This is because of barriers to accessing care and stigma surrounding behavioral health problems (Hostetter & Klein, 2018). Substance Abuse/Addiction Among Hispanic-Latina/o Americans Neurocysticercosis is the most common cause of seizures in Latino immigrants. Studies show that Hispanics and Latinos seeking substance use disorders and mental health treatment confront many barriers to accessing culturally and linguistically competent care. Although patients of all cultural backgrounds warrant kindness, a personal connection, and respect, the consequences of omitting these traditional values may be more problematic with Latinos. . Hispanics' experience with discrimination or being treated unfairly varies greatly by age. 13 Kaiser, "A Provider's Handbook," 6-7. Folk Cures and Alternative Treatment Are Putting Hispanic Patients At By 1852, over 25,000 Chinese immigrants had arrived, and by 1880, over . The Impact of Expansion on Chinese Immigrants and Hispanic Citizens Under-recognition of depression in adult Hispanic Americans may be related to language . 4 Another. Mental Health In The Latino/Hispanic Community Qualitative data analysis of the 75 symptom and treatment statements was completed, and data were grouped according to symptom and complexity of treatments. Keeping these cautionary notes in mind, the cases and commentaries in this section seek to address numerous issues that arise in the course of providing clinical health care for Latino patients of various backgrounds. However, the most useful technique is teach back or show me: having patients repeat their care instructions until they do it correctly. Find treatment facilities confidentially and anonymously, 24/7, National Helpline1-800-662-HELP (4357) Your efforts pay off at the next visit, when Maria expresses much more interest in controlling her diabetes and shows personal warmth that was missing from earlier encounters. Chapter 6 Mental Health Care for Hispanic Americans These terms are often used interchangeably, including by the U.S. Census Bureau, although "Hispanic" is more often utilized in governmental and market research and statistical record keeping, while "Latino" perhaps enjoys more popular usage today. needs and experience of less acculturated Latino clients who are mostly from Mexico and Central America, and represent a large segment of the Latino community in Southern California. In some studies, the rate of non-adherence ranges between 31% and 44% among Latinos (Lanouette et al., 2009). Behavior Frontiers Announces Data-Driven Treatment Outcomes Cold linseed tea and hibiscus flower tea for diabetes. Respeto implies attentive concern for the patient and respect of his or her personhood and age, especially if the patient is older. Hispanic Heritage Month, September 15 - October 15, is an important opportunity to raise awareness about these trends and more importantly, identify culturally and linguistically appropriate prevention and treatment strategies to reduce mental and substance use disorders in the Hispanic/Latino population. Delayed immigration protocols and anti-immigration legislation may contribute to stress. For instance, Latinos highly value family. Hispanic Culture - Sydney Ales Grand Canyon University 352: PSY Floren Hispanics and Health Care in the United States | Pew Research Center By the year 2050 that figure is expected to rise to 24 percent of the total U.S. population. Margaret E. "Group Methods and . Hispanic people are the youngest population, with 33% below age 18, and 57% below age 34 (Figure 4). Opioid and Illicit Drug Use Among the Hispanic/Latino Populations In today's United States, these terms are often thought . These terms are derived from the Spanish verb curar, which means to heal. This somewhat short-term therapy model has consistently proven its effectiveness by many clinical studies. The progress made in expanding health insurance coverage for Latinos is now at risk, because of the COVID-19 economic recession's disproportionate impact on Latino workers. "The Egg" in the Twenty-First Century: A Family's Holistic Healing and Specifically, to Latin America, to people from the Caribbean, South America, and Central America. Addiction can affect a person's impulse control, ability to stop using a substance, using despite risks, and physical and mental changes. Hypertension in Hispanics/Latinos: Epidemiology and Considerations for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) and Healers - Geriatrics Data Synthesis: Hispanics were identified homogenously in some studies and more correctly as a heterogeneous population in others. Have a question about government service? You call the dietitian to alert him to this patient's cultural concerns. Latino refers to a person of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or Central American, or other Spanish culture or origin, regardless of race.1 Latinos comprised nearly 16 percent of the U.S. population in 2009, making them the largest minority group.1 By 2050, it is projected that they will comprise up to 30 percent of the U.S. population.2 The three largest subgroups include Mexican Americans (about 65 percent), mostly settled in the Southwest, Puerto Ricans (9.1 percent) in the urban Northeast, and Cuban Americans (3.5 percent) in Florida.3 However, these demographics are rapidly shifting as Latino populations are increasingly integrated into suburban and rural communities throughout America. The Hispanic culture differs from that of America despite the ever-growing integration of both populations. Cysticercosis is caused by consumption of contaminated with pork tapeworm. Moreover, the family itself can play an enormously important role in supporting and empowering the patient within the medical setting. al., "Racial and Ethnic Disparities in U.S. Health Care: A Chartbook" (The Commonwealth Fund, March 2008), Charts 6-25 and 6-26; and Joseph R. Betancourt, Alexander R. Green, and J. Emilio Carrillo, "The Challenges of Cross-Cultural Healthcare-Diversity, Ethics, and the Medical Encounter," Bioethics Forum 16 (3). From the upstairs hallway of our home, I watched my great-aunt prepare for the cleansing. Demographics and Addiction. Latino millennials were also more likely to have already had a conversation about end-of-life care with a family member, a finding that aligns with the norms of outward expression of death and . Copyright 2013 by the American Academy of Family Physicians. Still, at the risk of oversimplifying, several trends emerge: -simpatia-politeness and the avoidance of hostile confrontation -personalismo-the value of warm personal interaction -respeto-the importance of showing respect to authority figures, usually including health care providers -familismo-collective loyalty to extended family and commitment to family obligation; -fatalismo-the belief that individuals cannot do much to alter fate15. Yet the call for cultural competence can-at its best-urge practitioners to adopt instead a stance of cultural "humility": one which encourages an open mind, and a recognition that each one of us sees the world through our own very distinctive cultural lenses. She says that she does not feel better when taking the medicine, and says the diet you prescribed does not include tortillas or any of the foods she likes. 1Elizabeth M. Grieco and Rachel C. Cassidy, "Overview of Race and Hispanic Origin 2000," Census 2000 Brief, U.S. Census Bureau, March 2001. Latinos comprise the largest minority group in 20 of the 50 states. The toolkit includes tips and techniques to overcome challenges and increase effectiveness when working with Latino populations. Using don or doa with the given or full name indicates even greater respect for older patients. They are a starting point, not an ending point; in other words, they call practitioners to look more deeply into the particular cultural, linguistic, and socioeconomic contours of their patients' backgrounds and to open themselves to alternative ways of understanding and interpreting their patients' actions and requests. Because people stand closer to each other in most Latino cultures, physical proximity is also perceived as being more personable. Fluegelman, Andrew, ed. Contact USA.gov. Innovative Diabetes Interventions in the U.S. Hispanic Population Other healing specialties include yerberas (herbalists), hueseros (bone setters), parteras (midwives), and sobradores (similar to physical therapists).21, Symptoms are often interpreted differently based on cultural presuppositions. Patients should be asked if they use alternative therapies, because it is not likely that such information will be volunteered. Many Latinos are accustomed to self-treating because most pharmaceuticals are available without prescription in their home countries. In spite of the large and rapidly increasing size of the U.S. Latino population, there has been no corresponding influx of Latinos working in the U.S. health care system. 17Delese Wear, "Insurgent Multiculturalism: Rethinking How and Why We Teach Culture in Medical Education," Academic Medicine 78/6 (June 2003): 549-554. These instructions can be studied by the patient or translated when time permits. [4] A child's failure to thrive may be attributed to mal de ojo (evil eye), a hex conveyed by an envious glance. Culturally Competent Care for Latino Patients

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